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Vallfogona

ID #112
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General Information

Structure type
Deformed/Undeformed
Geological Setting ,
Outcropping/buried
Evaporite unit/s name
Evaporite unit/s age
Evaporite unit/s origin
Classif. (Hudec and Jackson, 2009)
Classif. (Jackson and Talbot, 1986)
Age of evaporite flow or deformation (when deformed)
Other comments Southern boundary of the Cadí thrust sheet. Out-of sequence structures developed due to lateral stratigraphic variations of the Serrat evaporites unit. Vallfogona Fm. Mainly constituted by limestones but with interlayered laminated gypsum and gypsum breccias.

Location

Location

Map (detail)

Location
Location

Geological map

Location

Cross section

Location

Structure type (Hudec and Jackson, 2009)

Location

Regional Stratigraphy

Location

Other maps 1

Location

Other maps 2

Generic Data

Unique ID 112
Name Vallfogona
Structure type Evaporite-detached thrust
Deformed/Undeformed Deformed
Buried/Outcropping Partially buried
Geological setting Southern Pyrenees
Geological Regional Setting Cadí thrust sheet
Evaporite unit/s name Beuda Fm. / Vallfogona Fm. / Serrat evaporites unit
Evaporite unit/s age Late Cuisian-Lutetian (Eocene)
Evaporite unit/s era Cenozoic
Evaporite unit/s origin Marine
Evaporite unit/s composition Shale-Gypsum-Sandstone-Halite-Anhydrite
Post-kinematic unit/s (or post-evaporite units when evaporites are undeformed) Neogene (Empordà Graben fill, gravels, sandstones and conglomerates) ; Pleistocene (siltstones and sandstones) ; Quaternary (alluvial and colluvial detrital deposits)
Post-kinematic unit/s age (or post-evaporite units when evaporites are undeformed) Neogene-Holocene
Classification (Hudec and Jackson, 2009) Thrust piercement
Classification (Jackson and Talbot, 1986)
Mining activity? N
Mining activity start
Mining activity end
Mining galleries?
Mining products
Mining sub-products
Evaporite flow? Y
Age of evaporite flow Middle Eocene-Lower Oligocene
Flow or deformation triggering mechanisms Alpine compression and southwards propagation of the Cadí thrust sheet
Flow-linked structures? Y
Halokinetic structures Out-of-sequence thrusts / anticline-syncline folding / Low-angle unconformities
Post-evaporite and pre-kinematic unit/s (overbuden) –
Syn-kinematic unit/s Middle-Upper Lutetian (Banyoles Fm., marlstones and shales) ; Upper Lutetian (Coubet Fm., sandstones and shales) ; Upper Lutetian (Bellumnt Fm., conglomerates and sandstones)
Available seismic profiles S-23W / S-22PI2 / BE-15 / S-23W / BE-2 / UTC85-120 / UTC-8 / S-24 / S-25 / OL-2 / UTC85-104 / UTC85-103 / S-23EXT / MO-9 / MO-4-1 / S-25-BIS / S-22 / MO-3-BIS / UTC85-101 / S-24-BIS / MO-5-1
Available boreholes RIUDAURA-2 / RIUDAURA-1 / RIUDAURA-1 BIS
Additional comments Southern boundary of the Cadí thrust sheet. Out-of sequence structures developed due to lateral stratigraphic variations of the Serrat evaporites unit. Vallfogona Fm. Mainly constituted by limestones but with interlayered laminated gypsum and gypsum breccias.

Mining Data

UNIQUE_ID 112
Minning exploitations within <2km? N
Historical/Active
Exploitation name #1
Exploitation ID (Spanish National Mining Cadastre) #1
Municipality #1
Province #1
Company #1
Main minning Products #1
Exploitation name #2
Exploitation ID (Spanish National Mining Cadastre) #2
Municipality #2
Province #2
Company #2
Main minning Products #2
Exploitation name #3
Exploitation ID (Spanish National Mining Cadastre) #3
Municipality #3
Province #3
Company #3
Main minning Products #3

Quantitative Data

UNIQUE_ID 112
Outcropping area (km2) 53.28425
Horizontal intersection area (km2) (when buried) Not buried
Depth of intersection area (km2) (when buried) Not buried
Max. Width (Km) 9.26709427
Max. Length (Km) 34.783763
Max. Evaporites thickness (km) 1
Max. Deformation age (Ma) 42
Min. Deformation age (Ma) 32
Deformation stages 1

Reference Data

UNIQUE_ID 112
Section source Carrillo, E., Koyi, H. A., Nilfouroushan, F., 2017. Structural significance of an evaporite formation with lateral stratigraphic heterogeneities (Southeastern Pyrenean Basin, NE Spain). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 86, 1310-1326. [link]
Well / Borehole availability #1 Carrillo, E., Rosell, L., Ortí, F., 2014. Multiepisodic evaporite sedimentation as an indicator of palaeogeographical evolution in foreland basins (South‐eastern Pyrenean basin, Early–Middle Eocene). Sedimentology, 61(7), 2086-2112. [link]
Well / Borehole availability #2 Carrillo, E., Koyi, H. A., Nilfouroushan, F., 2017. Structural significance of an evaporite formation with lateral stratigraphic heterogeneities (Southeastern Pyrenean Basin, NE Spain). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 86, 1310-1326. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #1 Carrillo, E., Rosell, L., Ortí, F., 2014. Multiepisodic evaporite sedimentation as an indicator of palaeogeographical evolution in foreland basins (South‐eastern Pyrenean basin, Early–Middle Eocene). Sedimentology, 61(7), 2086-2112. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #2 Carrillo, E., Koyi, H. A., Nilfouroushan, F., 2017. Structural significance of an evaporite formation with lateral stratigraphic heterogeneities (Southeastern Pyrenean Basin, NE Spain). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 86, 1310-1326. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #3 Burbank, D. W., Puigdefàbregas, C. A. I., Munoz, J. A., 1992. The chronology of the Eocene tectonic and stratigraphic development of the eastern Pyrenean foreland basin, northeast Spain. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 104(9), 1101-1120. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #4 Puigdefàbregas, C., Souquet, P., 1986. Tecto-sedimentary cycles and depositional sequences of the Mesozoic and Tertiary from the Pyrenees. Tectonophysics, 129(1-4), 173-203. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #5 Martinez, A., Vergés, J., Clavell, E., Kennedy, J., 1989. Stratigraphic framework of the thrust geometry and structural inversion in the southeastern Pyrenees: La Garrotxa area. Geodinamica Acta, 3(3), 185-194. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #6 Travé, A., Labaume, P., Vergés, J., 2007. Fluid systems in foreland fold-and-thrust belts: an overview from the Southern Pyrenees. In Thrust belts and foreland basins (pp. 93-115). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. [link]
Regional Stratigraphy Carrillo, E., 2009. Unidades evaporíticas eocenas de la Zona Surpirenaica Oriental (Área de La Garrotxa). Geogaceta, 47, 73-76. [link]
Seismic data availability #1 Vergés, J., Marzo, M., Santaeulària, T., Serra-Kiel, J., Burbank, D. W., Muñoz, J. A., Giménez-Montsant, J., 1998. Quantified vertical motions and tectonic evolution of the SE Pyrenean foreland basin. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134(1), 107-134. [link]
Seismic data availability #2 Carrillo, E., Koyi, H. A., Nilfouroushan, F., 2017. Structural significance of an evaporite formation with lateral stratigraphic heterogeneities (Southeastern Pyrenean Basin, NE Spain). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 86, 1310-1326. [link]
Seismic data availability #3 Martínez, A., Rivero, L., Casas, A., 1997. Integrated gravity and seismic interpretation of duplex structures and imbricate thrust systems in the southeastern Pyrenees (NE Spain). Tectonophysics, 282(1-4), 303-329. [link]
Available data (Structure) #1 Carrillo, E., Koyi, H. A., Nilfouroushan, F., 2017. Structural significance of an evaporite formation with lateral stratigraphic heterogeneities (Southeastern Pyrenean Basin, NE Spain). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 86, 1310-1326. [link]
Available data (Structure) #2 Martinez, A., Vergés, J., Clavell, E., Kennedy, J., 1989. Stratigraphic framework of the thrust geometry and structural inversion in the southeastern Pyrenees: La Garrotxa area. Geodinamica Acta, 3(3), 185-194. [link]
Available data (Structure) #3 Vergés, J., Marzo, M., Santaeulària, T., Serra-Kiel, J., Burbank, D. W., Muñoz, J. A., Giménez-Montsant, J., 1998. Quantified vertical motions and tectonic evolution of the SE Pyrenean foreland basin. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 134(1), 107-134. [link]
Available data (Structure) #4 Martinez, A., Vergés, J., Clavell, E., Kennedy, J., 1989. Stratigraphic framework of the thrust geometry and structural inversion in the southeastern Pyrenees: La Garrotxa area. Geodinamica Acta, 3(3), 185-194. [link]
Available data (Structure) #5 Burbank, D. W., Puigdefàbregas, C. A. I., Munoz, J. A., 1992. The chronology of the Eocene tectonic and stratigraphic development of the eastern Pyrenean foreland basin, northeast Spain. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 104(9), 1101-1120. [link]
Available data (Structure) #6 Grool, A. R., Ford, M., Vergés, J., Huismans, R. S., Christophoul, F., Dielforder, A., 2018. Insights into the crustal‐scale dynamics of a doubly vergent orogen from a quantitative analysis of its forelands: A case study of the Eastern Pyrenees. Tectonics, 37(2), 450-476. [link]
Available data (Analogue modelling) #1 Carrillo, E., Koyi, H. A., Nilfouroushan, F., 2017. Structural significance of an evaporite formation with lateral stratigraphic heterogeneities (Southeastern Pyrenean Basin, NE Spain). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 86, 1310-1326. [link]
Available data (Analogue modelling) #2 n.a.
Available data (Analogue modelling) #3 n.a.
Available data (Gravimetry – Tomography) #1 Martínez, A., Rivero, L., Casas, A., 1997. Integrated gravity and seismic interpretation of duplex structures and imbricate thrust systems in the southeastern Pyrenees (NE Spain). Tectonophysics, 282(1-4), 303-329. [link]
Available data (Gravimetry – Tomography) #2 Lugo, E., Playà, E., Rivero, L., 2008. Aplicación de la tomografía eléctrica a la prospección de formaciones evaporíticas. Geogaceta, 44, 223-226. [link]
Available data (Gravimetry – Tomography) #3 Ayala, C., Bohoyo, F., Maestro, A., Reguera, M. I., Torne, M., Rubio, F., Fernández, M., García-Lobón, J. L., 2016. Updated Bouguer anomalies of the Iberian Peninsula: a new perspective to interpret the regional geology. Journal of Maps, 12(5), 1089-1092. [link]
Available data (Geochemistry) #1 Cruset, D., Cantarero, I., Vergés, J., John, C. M., Muñoz-López, D., Travé, A., 2018. Changes in fluid regime in syn-orogenic sediments during the growth of the south Pyrenean fold and thrust belt. Global and Planetary Change, 171, 207-224. [link]
Available data (Geochemistry) #2 Carrillo, E., Rosell, L., Ortí, F., 2014. Multiepisodic evaporite sedimentation as an indicator of palaeogeographical evolution in foreland basins (South‐eastern Pyrenean basin, Early–Middle Eocene). Sedimentology, 61(7), 2086-2112. [link]
Available data (Geochemistry) #3 Travé, A., Labaume, P., Vergés, J., 2007. Fluid systems in foreland fold-and-thrust belts: an overview from the Southern Pyrenees. In Thrust belts and foreland basins (pp. 93-115). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. [link]
Available data (Geochemistry) #4 n.a.
Available data (Petrophysics) #1 Burbank, D. W., Puigdefàbregas, C. A. I., Munoz, J. A., 1992. The chronology of the Eocene tectonic and stratigraphic development of the eastern Pyrenean foreland basin, northeast Spain. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 104(9), 1101-1120. [link]
Available data (Petrophysics) #2 n.a.
IGME Geological Map (MAGNA50) Sheet number 256-Ripoll. [link]
Other Maps #1 (source) Sans, M., 2003. From thrust tectonics to diapirism. The role of evaporites in the kinematic evolution of the eastern South Pyrenean front. Geologica Acta, 1(3), 239-260. [link]
Other Maps #2 (source) Carrillo, E., 2009. Unidades evaporíticas eocenas de la Zona Surpirenaica Oriental (Área de La Garrotxa). Geogaceta, 47, 73-76. [link]
Other related references #1 Bello, D. A., López-Blanco, M., Muñoz, J. A., Roca, E., Casas, J. M., Marzo, M., 2008. Structure of the Southeastern Pyrenees frontal thrust system: stratigraphic control in both geometry and thrusting sequence. Geo‐Temas, 10, 321-324. [link]
Other related references #2 Garcés, M., López-Blanco, M., Valero, L., Beamud, E., Muñoz, J. A., Oliva-Urcia, B., …, Cabrera, L., 2020. Paleogeographic and sedimentary evolution of the South Pyrenean foreland basin. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 113, 104105. [link]
Other related references #3 Parés, J. M., Anastasio, D., 2018. The extent of penetrative Pyrenean deformation in the Ebro foreland Basin: Magnetic fabric data from the eastern sector. Geologica Acta, 16(4), 375-390. [link]
Other related references #4 Sans, M., 2003. From thrust tectonics to diapirism. The role of evaporites in the kinematic evolution of the eastern South Pyrenean front. Geologica Acta, 1(3), 239-260. [link]