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Bermeo

ID #021
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General Information

Structure type
Deformed/Undeformed
Geological Setting ,
Outcropping/buried
Evaporite unit/s name
Evaporite unit/s age
Evaporite unit/s origin
Classif. (Hudec and Jackson, 2009)
Classif. (Jackson and Talbot, 1986)
Age of evaporite flow or deformation (when deformed)
Other comments Salt wall partially welded during Alpine compression, but the structure of syn-diapiric formation is well-preserved.

Location

Location

Map (detail)

Location
Location

Geological map

Location

Cross section

Location

Structure type (Hudec and Jackson, 2009)

Location

Regional Stratigraphy

Location

Other maps 1

Location

Other maps 2

Generic Data

Unique ID 21
Name Bermeo
Structure type Evaporite diapir
Deformed/Undeformed Deformed
Buried/Outcropping Outcropping
Geological setting Basque-Cantabrian Basin
Geological Regional Setting Basque Arc
Evaporite unit/s name Keuper facies
Evaporite unit/s age Carnian-Rhaetian (Upper Triassic)
Evaporite unit/s era Mesozoic
Evaporite unit/s origin Marine
Evaporite unit/s composition Claystone-Marlstone-Halite-Anhydrite
Post-kinematic unit/s (or post-evaporite units when evaporites are undeformed) Quaternary (alluvial and colluvial detrital deposits)
Post-kinematic unit/s age (or post-evaporite units when evaporites are undeformed) Pleistocene-Holocene
Classification (Hudec and Jackson, 2009) Passive piercement
Classification (Jackson and Talbot, 1986) Salt wall
Mining activity? N
Mining activity start
Mining activity end
Mining galleries?
Mining products
Mining sub-products
Evaporite flow? Y
Age of evaporite flow Aptian – Albian
Flow or deformation triggering mechanisms
Flow-linked structures? Y
Halokinetic structures Progressive unconformities / Normal high-angle faults / joints / thickness variations
Post-evaporite and pre-kinematic unit/s (overbuden) Jurassic (dolostones, marls and oolitic limestones) and Neocomian (limestones, marlstones and sandstones)
Syn-kinematic unit/s Aptian-middle Albian (Urgonian Group: marlstones, marly limestones, packstones, carbonate brecchias, rudistid limestones; Punta del Bakio Unit: turbidites, mudstones and carbonate grainstones) / Upper Albian-lower Cenomanian (Deva Formation: pebbly sandstones, siliciclastic sandstones and mudstones; Cabo Villano Formation: mudstones; Plenzia Formation: marlstones, siliciclastic sandstones and carbonate sandstones)
Available seismic profiles BR85-24 / BR85-34 / 41 / BR-89-02 / BR-89-02 / BR-89-03 / BR-1 / BR85-26 / BR85-25 / SBR-1 / SBR-30 / SBR-52 / BR85-34 / BR85-36 / SBR-28 / BR-28 / BR85-24 / BR85-35 / BR-30 / BR-52 / 41
Available boreholes (Private Access): Guernika-1 / Cormorán-1
Additional comments Salt wall partially welded during alpine compression, but the structure of syn-diapiric formation is well-preserved.

Mining Data

UNIQUE_ID 21
Minning exploitations within <2km? N
Historical/Active
Exploitation name #1
Exploitation ID (Spanish National Mining Cadastre) #1
Municipality #1
Province #1
Company #1
Main minning Products #1
Exploitation name #2
Exploitation ID (Spanish National Mining Cadastre) #2
Municipality #2
Province #2
Company #2
Main minning Products #2
Exploitation name #3
Exploitation ID (Spanish National Mining Cadastre) #3
Municipality #3
Province #3
Company #3
Main minning Products #3

Quantitative Data

UNIQUE_ID 21
Outcropping area (km2) 0.85079
Horizontal intersection area (km2) (when buried) Not buried
Depth of intersection area (km2) (when buried) Not buried
Max. Width (Km) 0.7
Max. Length (Km) 2
Max. Evaporites thickness (km)
Max. Deformation age (Ma)
Min. Deformation age (Ma)
Deformation stages 1

Reference Data

UNIQUE_ID 21
Section source IGME MAGNA 50. SHEET 38 (BERMEO)
Well / Borehole availability #1 Roca, E., Ferrer, O., Rowan, M. G., Muñoz, J. A., Butillé, M., Giles, K. A., Arbués, P., de Matteis, M., 2020. Salt tectonics and controls on halokinetic-sequence development of an exposed deepwater diapir: The Bakio Diapir, Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Pyrenees. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 104770. [link]
Well / Borehole availability #2 Gómez, M., Vergés, J., Riaza, C., 2002. Inversion tectonics of the northern margin of the Basque Cantabrian Basin. Bulletin de la Société géologique de France, 173(5), 449-459. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #1 Beamud, E., Soto, R., Roca, E., Carola, E., Almar, Y., Escosa, F., 2016. Datos paleomagnéticos en materiales sin-diapíricos Aptienses-Albienses (cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica, N Iberia). Geo-Temas, 16, 793-796. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #2 Vicente Bravo, J. C., Robles, S., 1991. Geometría y modelo deposicional de la secuencia Sollube del Flysch Negro (Albiense medio, norte de Bizkaia). Geogaceta, 10, 69-71. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #3 García-Mondéjar, J., Robador, A., 1987. Sedimentación y paleografía del Complejo Urgoniano (Aptiense-Albiense) en el área de Bermeo (región Vasco-Cantábrica septentional). Acta geológica hispánica, 21, 411-418. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #4 Cámara, P., 2017. Salt and Strike-Slip Tectonics as Main Drivers in the Structural Evolution of the Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Spain. In Permo-Triassic Salt Provinces of Europe, North Africa and the Atlantic Margins (pp. 371-393). Elsevier. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #5 Bodego, A., Iriarte, E., López-Horgue, M. A., Álvarez, I., 2018. Rift-margin extensional forced folds and salt tectonics in the eastern Basque-Cantabrian rift basin (western Pyrenees). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 91, 667-682. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #6 Cámara, P., 2020. Inverted turtle salt anticlines in the eastern basque-cantabrian basin, Spain. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 104358. [link]
Regional Stratigraphy Beamud, E., Soto, R., Roca, E., Carola, E., Almar, Y., Escosa, F., 2016. Datos paleomagnéticos en materiales sin-diapíricos Aptienses-Albienses (cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica, N Iberia). Geo-Temas, 16, 793-796. [link]
Seismic data availability #1 Poprawski, Y., Basile, C., 2018. Long-lasting diapir growth history in the Basque-Cantabrian basin (Northern Spain): a review. Conference poster, Advances in Salt Tectonics: Observations, Applications, and Perspective: In Honor of Martin P.A. Jackson. [link]
Seismic data availability #2 Pedrera, A., García‐Senz, J., Ayala, C., Ruiz‐Constán, A., Rodríguez‐Fernández, L. R., Robador, A., González Menéndez, L., 2017. Reconstruction of the exhumed mantle across the North Iberian Margin by crustal‐scale 3‐D gravity inversion and geological cross section. Tectonics, 36, 3155-3177. [link]
Seismic data availability #3 n.a.
Available data (Structure) #1 Cámara, P., 2017. Salt and Strike-Slip Tectonics as Main Drivers in the Structural Evolution of the Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Spain. In Permo-Triassic Salt Provinces of Europe, North Africa and the Atlantic Margins (pp. 371-393). Elsevier. [link]
Available data (Structure) #2 Poprawski, Y., Basile, C., 2018. Long-lasting diapir growth history in the Basque-Cantabrian basin (Northern Spain): a review. Conference poster, Advances in Salt Tectonics: Observations, Applications, and Perspective: In Honor of Martin P.A. Jackson. [link]
Available data (Structure) #3 Beamud, E., Soto, R., Peigney, C., Roca, E., Pueyo, E. L., 2020. Paleomagnetism on salt-detached syndiapiric overburden rocks from the Northern margin of the Basque-Cantabrian extensional Basin (N Spain). In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (p. 4598). [link]
Available data (Structure) #4 Roca, E., Butillé, M., Oriol, F. J., Arbués, P., De Matteis, M., Muñoz, J. A., Rowan, M., Giles, K., 2016. Salt tectonics and salt-sediment interaction around the Bakio Diapir, Basque-Cantabrian basin, Pyrenees. In International Conference and Exhibition, Barcelona, Spain, 3-6 April 2016 (pp. 288-288). Society of Exploration Geophysicists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists. [link]
Available data (Structure) #5 Vicente Bravo, J. C., Robles, S., 1991. Geometría y modelo deposicional de la secuencia Sollube del Flysch Negro (Albiense medio, norte de Bizkaia). Geogaceta, 10, 69-71. [link]
Available data (Structure) #6 Ferrer, O., Arbues, P., Roca, E., Giles, K., Rowan, M. G., De Matteis, M., Muñoz, J. A., 2014. Effect of Diapir Growth on Synkinematic Deepwater Sedimentation: The Bakio Diapir (Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Northern Spain). AAPG 2014 Annual Convention and Exhibition.
Available data (Analogue modelling) #1 n.a.
Available data (Analogue modelling) #2 n.a.
Available data (Analogue modelling) #3 n.a.
Available data (Gravimetry – Tomography) #1 Nettleton, L.L., 1968. Gravity anomalies over salt diapirs, northern Spain. Geological Society of America Special Papers, 88, 75–82. [link]
Available data (Gravimetry – Tomography) #2 Pedrera, A., García‐Senz, J., Ayala, C., Ruiz‐Constán, A., Rodríguez‐Fernández, L. R., Robador, A., González Menéndez, L., 2017. Reconstruction of the exhumed mantle across the North Iberian Margin by crustal‐scale 3‐D gravity inversion and geological cross section. Tectonics, 36, 3155-3177. [link]
Available data (Gravimetry – Tomography) #3 Ayala, C., Bohoyo, F., Maestro, A., Reguera, M. I., Torne, M., Rubio, F., Fernández, M., García-Lobón, J. L., 2016. Updated Bouguer anomalies of the Iberian Peninsula: a new perspective to interpret the regional geology. Journal of Maps, 12(5), 1089-1092. [link]
Available data (Geochemistry) #1 Iribar, V., Ábalos, B. 2011. The geochemical and isotopic record of evaporite recycling in spas and salterns of the Basque Cantabrian basin, Spain. Applied geochemistry, 26, 1315-1329. [link]
Available data (Geochemistry) #2 Ortí, F., García-Veigas, J., Rossell, L., Jurado, M. J., Utrilla, R., 1996. Formaciones salinas de las cuencas triásicas en la Península Ibérica: Caracterización Petrológica y Geoquímica. Cuadernos de Geología Ibérica, 20, 13-35. [link]
Available data (Geochemistry) #3 Béziat, D., Joron, J.L., Monchoux, P., Treuil, M., Walgenwitz, F., 1991. Geodynamic implications of geochemical data for the Pyrenean ophites (Spain-France). Chemical Geology, 89, 243-262. [link]
Available data (Geochemistry) #4 n.a.
Available data (Petrophysics) #1 Soto, R., Beamud, E., Roca, E., Carola, E., Almar, Y., 2017. Distinguishing the effect of diapir growth on magnetic fabrics of syn-diapiric overburden rocks: Basque-Cantabrian basin, Northern Spain. Terra Nova 29, 191-201. [link]
Available data (Petrophysics) #2 Llamas, B., Castañeda, M. C., Laín, C., Pous, J., 2017. Study of the Basque–Cantabrian basin as a suitable region for the implementation of an energy storage system based on compressed air energy storage (CAES). Environmental Earth Sciences, 76(5), 204. [link]
IGME Geological Map (MAGNA50) Sheet number 38-Bermeo. [link]
Other Maps #1 (source) Perona, J., 2016. Mineralizaciones de Pb-Zn asociadas a los diapiros de Murguía y Orduña (Cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica) [PhD thesis]: Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 281 pp. [link]
Other Maps #2 (source) Beamud, E., Soto, R., Roca, E., Carola, E., Almar, Y., Escosa, F., 2016. Datos paleomagnéticos en materiales sin-diapíricos Aptienses-Albienses (cuenca Vasco-Cantábrica, N Iberia). Geo-Temas, 16, 793-796. [link]
Other related references #1 Cámara, P., 2020. Inverted turtle salt anticlines in the eastern basque-cantabrian basin, Spain. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 104358. [link]
Other related references #2 Ruiz, M., Díaz, J., Gallart, J., Pulgar, J.A., González-Cortina, J.M., López, C., 2006. Seismotectonic constraints at the western edge of the Pyrenees: aftershock series monitoring of the 2002 February 21, 4.1 Lg earthquake. Geophysical Journal International, 166, 238–252. [link]
Other related references #3 Ruiz, M., Gallart, J., Díaz, J., Olivera, C., Pedreira, D., López, C., González-Cortina, J.M., Pulgar, J.A., 2006. Seismic activity at the western Pyrenean edge. Tectonophysics, 412, 217–235. [link]
Other related references #4 Ábalos, B., Alkorta, A., Iríbar, V., 2008. Geological and isotopic constraints on the structure of the Bilbao anticlinorium (Basque–Cantabrian basin, North Spain). Journal of Structural Geology, 30(11), 1354-1367. [link]