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Loulé

ID #138
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General Information

Structure type
Deformed/Undeformed
Geological Setting ,
Outcropping/buried
Evaporite unit/s name
Evaporite unit/s age
Evaporite unit/s origin
Classif. (Hudec and Jackson, 2009)
Classif. (Jackson and Talbot, 1986)
Age of evaporite flow or deformation (when deformed) ,
Other comments Espiche, Loulé, Albufeira, and Faro diapirs are associated with the main E–W-striking extensional faults. A detailed map of the mining galleries within the Loulé diapir can be found in Davidson et al. (2016).

Location

Location

Map (detail)

Location
Location

Geological map

Location

Cross section

Location

Structure type (Hudec and Jackson, 2009)

Location

Regional Stratigraphy

Location

Other maps 1

Location

Other maps 2

Generic Data

Unique ID 138
Name Loulé
Structure type Evaporite diapir
Deformed/Undeformed Deformed
Buried/Outcropping Outcropping
Geological setting Algarve basin
Geological Regional Setting Central Domain
Evaporite unit/s name Hettangian Evaporites
Evaporite unit/s age Hettangian (Lower Jurassic)
Evaporite unit/s era Mesozoic
Evaporite unit/s origin Marine
Evaporite unit/s composition Halite
Post-kinematic unit/s (or post-evaporite units when evaporites are undeformed) Pliocene and Quaternary (alluvial and colluvial detrital deposits)
Post-kinematic unit/s age (or post-evaporite units when evaporites are undeformed) Pliocene-Holocene
Classification (Hudec and Jackson, 2009) Passive Piercement
Classification (Jackson and Talbot, 1986) Salt wall
Mining activity? Y
Mining activity start
Mining activity end Active
Mining galleries? Y
Mining products Halite
Mining sub-products
Evaporite flow? Y
Age of evaporite flow Early Jurassic-Cenomanian (main stage) and Oligocene-Miocene (reactivation stage)
Flow or deformation triggering mechanisms Extensional regime in the Algarve basin (main stage) Alpine compression (reactivation stage)
Flow-linked structures? Y
Halokinetic structures Syncline-Anticline folding / thrust faults / halite recrystallization veins / progressive unconformities
Post-evaporite and pre-kinematic unit/s (overbuden) –
Syn-kinematic unit/s Early Jurassic (dolostones and limestones) ; Callovian (yellow marls and limestones) ; Oxfordian (limestones and marly limestones intercalation) ; Kimmeridgian (limestones and dolostones) ; Tithonian (limestones) Lower Cretaceous (limestones, marlstones, conglomerates and sandstones)
Available seismic profiles ILIHA D-A
Available boreholes
Additional comments Espiche, Loulé, Albufeira, and Faro diapirs are associated with the main E–W-striking extensional faults. A detailed map of the mining galleries within the Loulé diapir can be found in Davidson et al. (2016)

Mining Data

UNIQUE_ID 138
Minning exploitations within <2km? N
Historical/Active
Exploitation name #1
Exploitation ID (Spanish National Mining Cadastre) #1
Municipality #1
Province #1
Company #1
Main minning Products #1
Exploitation name #2
Exploitation ID (Spanish National Mining Cadastre) #2
Municipality #2
Province #2
Company #2
Main minning Products #2
Exploitation name #3
Exploitation ID (Spanish National Mining Cadastre) #3
Municipality #3
Province #3
Company #3
Main minning Products #3

Quantitative Data

UNIQUE_ID 138
Outcropping area (km2) 13.11137
Horizontal intersection area (km2) (when buried) Not buried
Depth of intersection area (km2) (when buried) Not buried
Max. Width (Km) 2.76498373
Max. Length (Km) 6.67617137
Max. Evaporites thickness (km) >1
Max. Deformation age (Ma) 200
Min. Deformation age (Ma) 100
Deformation stages 2

Reference Data

UNIQUE_ID 138
Section source Davison, I., Barreto, P., Andrade, A. J., 2017. Loulé: the anatomy of a squeezed diapir, Algarve Basin, southern Portugal. Journal of the Geological Society, 174(1), 41-55. [link]
Well / Borehole availability #1 n.a.
Well / Borehole availability #2 n.a.
Available data (Stratigraphy) #1 Davison, I., Barreto, P., Andrade, A. J., 2017. Loulé: the anatomy of a squeezed diapir, Algarve Basin, southern Portugal. Journal of the Geological Society, 174(1), 41-55. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #2 Ramos, A., Fernández, O., Muñoz, J. A., Terrinha, P., 2017. Impact of basin structure and evaporite distribution on salt tectonics in the Algarve Basin, Southwest Iberian margin. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 88, 961-984. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #3 Ramos, A., Fernández, O., Terrinha, P., & Muñoz, J. A., 2017. Neogene to recent contraction and basin inversion along the Nubia‐Iberia boundary in SW Iberia. Tectonics, 36(2), 257-286. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #4 Ramos, A., Fernández, O., Terrinha, P., & Muñoz, J. A., 2016. Extension and inversion structures in the Tethys–Atlantic linkage zone, Algarve Basin, Portugal. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 105(5), 1663-1679. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #5 Terrinha, P., Rocha, R., Rey, J., Cachão, M., Moura, D., Roque, C., …, Bensalah, M. K., 2006. A Bacia do Algarve: Estratigrafia, paleogeografia e tectónica. Geologia de Portugal no contexto da Ibéria, 1-138. [link]
Available data (Stratigraphy) #6 n.a.
Regional Stratigraphy Ramos, A., Fernández, O., Terrinha, P., & Muñoz, J. A., 2017. Neogene to recent contraction and basin inversion along the Nubia‐Iberia boundary in SW Iberia. Tectonics, 36(2), 257-286. [link]
Seismic data availability #1 Diaz, J., Gallart Muset, J., Córdoba, D., Senos, L., Matias, L., Suriñach, E., …, Maguire, P., 2020. The ILIHA deep seismic sounding experiment (Iberian LIthosphere Heterogeneity and Anisotropy). DigitalCSIC – SEISDARE data repository. [link]
Seismic data availability #2 n.a.
Seismic data availability #3 n.a.
Available data (Structure) #1 Davison, I., Barreto, P., Andrade, A. J., 2017. Loulé: the anatomy of a squeezed diapir, Algarve Basin, southern Portugal. Journal of the Geological Society, 174(1), 41-55. [link]
Available data (Structure) #2 Ramos, A., Fernández, O., Terrinha, P., & Muñoz, J. A., 2017. Neogene to recent contraction and basin inversion along the Nubia‐Iberia boundary in SW Iberia. Tectonics, 36(2), 257-286. [link]
Available data (Structure) #3 Ramos, A., Fernández, O., Muñoz, J. A., Terrinha, P., 2017. Impact of basin structure and evaporite distribution on salt tectonics in the Algarve Basin, Southwest Iberian margin. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 88, 961-984. [link]
Available data (Structure) #4 Ramos, A., Fernández, O., Terrinha, P., & Muñoz, J. A., 2016. Extension and inversion structures in the Tethys–Atlantic linkage zone, Algarve Basin, Portugal. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 105(5), 1663-1679. [link]
Available data (Structure) #5 Kullberg, J. C., Pais, J., Manuppella, G., 2009. Aspectos gerais da tectónica alpina no Algarve. Ciências da Terra/Earth Sciences Journal, 11. [link]
Available data (Structure) #6 Llave, E., Hernández-Molina, F. J., Somoza, L., Díaz-del-Río, V., Stow, D. A. V., Maestro, A., Dias, J. A., 2001. Seismic stacking pattern of the Faro-Albufeira contourite system (Gulf of Cadiz): a Quaternary record of paleoceanographic and tectonic influences. Marine Geophysical Researches, 22(5), 487-508. [link]
Available data (Analogue modelling) #1 n.a.
Available data (Analogue modelling) #2 n.a.
Available data (Analogue modelling) #3 n.a.
Available data (Gravimetry – Tomography) #1 Ayala, C., Bohoyo, F., Maestro, A., Reguera, M. I., Torne, M., Rubio, F., Fernández, M., García-Lobón, J. L., 2016. Updated Bouguer anomalies of the Iberian Peninsula: a new perspective to interpret the regional geology. Journal of Maps, 12(5), 1089-1092. [link]
Available data (Gravimetry – Tomography) #2 n.a.
Available data (Gravimetry – Tomography) #3 n.a.
Available data (Geochemistry) #1 n.a.
Available data (Geochemistry) #2 n.a.
Available data (Geochemistry) #3 n.a.
Available data (Geochemistry) #4 n.a.
Available data (Petrophysics) #1 Machek, M., Roxerová, Z., Závada, P., Silva, P. F., Henry, B., Dědeček, P., …, Marques, F. O., 2014. Intrusion of lamprophyre dyke and related deformation effects in the host rock salt: a case study from the Loulé diapir, Portugal. Tectonophysics, 629, 165-178. [link]
Available data (Petrophysics) #2 n.a.
IGME Geological Map (MAGNA50) Sheet number n.a.
Other Maps #1 (source) Ramos, A., Fernández, O., Terrinha, P., & Muñoz, J. A., 2017. Neogene to recent contraction and basin inversion along the Nubia‐Iberia boundary in SW Iberia. Tectonics, 36(2), 257-286. [link]
Other Maps #2 (source) Davison, I., Barreto, P., Andrade, A. J., 2017. Loulé: the anatomy of a squeezed diapir, Algarve Basin, southern Portugal. Journal of the Geological Society, 174(1), 41-55. [link]
Other related references #1 García, M., Llave, E., Hernandez-Molina, F. J., Lobo, F. J., Ercilla, G., Alonso, B., …, Fernandez-Salas, L. M., 2020. The role of late Quaternary tectonic activity and sea-level changes on sedimentary processes interaction in the Gulf of Cadiz upper and middle continental slope (SW Iberia). Marine and Petroleum Geology, 121, 104595. [link]
Other related references #2 Ribeiro, C., Terrinha, P., Andrade, A., Fonseca, B., Caetano, M., Neres, M., …, Manhita, A, 2017. Non-halide sediments from the Loule diapir salt mine: characterization and environmental significance. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (p. 17094). [link]
Other related references #3 Hernández-Molina, F. J., Sierro, F. J., Llave, E., Roque, C., Stow, D. A. V., Williams, T., …, Brackenridge, R. E., 2016. Evolution of the gulf of Cadiz margin and southwest Portugal contourite depositional system: Tectonic, sedimentary and paleoceanographic implications from IODP expedition 339. Marine Geology, 377, 7-39. [link]
Other related references #4 Luján, M., Lobo, F. J., Mestdagh, T., Vázquez, J. T., Fernández-Puga, M. C., Van Rooij, D., 2020. Pliocene-Quaternary deformational structures in the eastern Algarve continental shelf, Gulf of Cadiz. Geogaceta, 67, 3-6. [link]